14 Pleural Disease

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Pneumothorax

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• hole in lung

• rupture of lung tissue

• usually secondary to lung disease (damaged lung tissue)

• pleuritic: deep breath stretch pleura, pain

• create gradient to allow N2 reabsorption from pleural space into capillary

• with inhale, air enter space. With exhale, flap shut and doesn't let air out

• spontaneous PTX: shrinking of the affected side, trachea shift towards side

• tension PTX: shift away

Pleural Effusion

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• meniscus up top

• loss of black lung fields and loss of costophrenic angles

Transudative

• capillary membrane intact, keeps protein in

Exudative

• leaky, plasma and protein leak out

• feared cause: malignancy. Tumors can cause capillaries to become leaky

Lymphatic

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• thoracic duct drain lymphoid. If it's obstructed or can't drain, then effusion

• open heart surgery

Others

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Mesothelioma

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