03 Gm Negative Cocci

Neisseria

_..

pink handcuff: Gram negative diplococci
blue ring: Oxidase positive
ferments glucose. Meningiditis also ferments maltose

_..

Vice City Private Investigator: Growth on VPN agar
Thayer Martin: Alternate name for VPN agar
Chocolate bar: Growth on chocolate agar

The commonly used antibiotics are vancomycin to inhibit gram-positive bacteria, colistin (i.e., polymyxin) to inhibit gram-negative bacteria (commensal Neisseria species but not N. meningitidis or N. gonorrhoeae), nystatin to inhibit yeast, and trimethoprim to inhibit the Proteus species.

_..

Mac: Patients with C5-C9 deficiency are unable to form MAC complex, leading to increased infections
5-9PM: C5-C9 deficiency

_..

chains: Pili demonstrate antigenic variation. Fimbriae
card: IgA protease - cleaves IgA at hinge region

Neisseria Meningiditis

_..

Dorm room: Easily spread in close quarters like college dorms
Communist flag: Sickle cell and asplenic patients at higher risk of infection

_..

Malt liquor: Ferments maltose in addition to glucose. Compare with neisseria gonorrhea
plastic bags on floor: Polysaccharide capsule inhibits phagocytosis

_..

Q tip: Colonizes nasopharynx first. Transmitted by respiratory secretions.

_..

Syringe, A, C, D: Vaccine contains polysaccharide capsule
No syringe: Type B capsule not included in vaccine

_..

Envelope burning: LOS envelope proteins cause inflammatory response
Water leaking: Inflammation leads to leaky capillaries
Electric circuit: Capillary leakage can lead to hypovolemia and shock
Underwear with red dots: Characteristic petechial rash indicates thrombocytopenia
Wet floor spots: Petechial rash from thrombocytopenia. Risk of DIC
Petechial rash from thrombocytopenia. Risk of DIC
Water house: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, characterized by hemorrhage of adrenals (adrenal insufficiency, low bp, shock, DIC)