05 Translation

mRNA from 5 to 3
1st amino acid at 5' cap is read first




protein synthesis antibiotics target ribosomes only found in prokaryotes


not normal bases found in RNA. Very unusual shape

base pairs with itself within the molecule


genetic code: codon on mRNA, coding strand
tRNA: anticodon, complementary to genetic code


thymidine normally not found in RNA. Also normally no OH


aa to 3' end of tRNA

2 phosphate lost from ATP. AA combined with AMP
AMP split off, amino acid added
formation of aminoacyl group via aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase


hydrolyze and cleave aa off from AMP/tRNA and not added to chain



each site is a codon on mRNA strand


methionine in eu. fMet in bacteria
tRNA for met or fMet binds directly to P site
met removed later




catalyzed by the ribosome itself
peptidyl transferase: made of RNA not proteins



no tRNA with anticodons to these codons
OH group at end of molecule


N-: sugar to nitrogen, etc.



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