03 Brachial
Last updated
Last updated
from spinal cord
The shoulder may dislocate anteriorly, inferiorly, or posteriorly, but anterior dislocations are by far the most common. Anterior dislocations are typically caused by a blow to an externally rotated and abducted arm.
from posterior cord, top
thus mostly C5, C6
wraps around humerus, innervates muscles in back of forearm
C5 to T1
lose radial nerve, flexors dominate
wrist drop
triceps injury: difficulty extending at elbow
alcoholics sleep
high up in arm
pink area: sensory by branches given off superficially before
radial groove damage: normally extension of elbow, loss of extension of wrist/finger, normal sensation of back arm
most common compression site at medial epicondyle at elbow
Impingement of the brachial artery results in loss of the brachial and radial artery pulses. Distal perfusion should always be assessed on examination. Motor and sensory function should also be assessed due to the risk of median nerve injury.
Treatment consists of analgesia and immobilization. Displaced fractures require orthopedic consultation. Neurovascular injury often resolves after orthopedic alignment and immobilization; patients who are treated promptly usually have a good prognosis.
lateral forearm: thumb side
affects nerves derived from upper trunk
arm yanked outwards and upwards
complete clawed hand
also some innervation through lateral cord
someone with cervical rib after whiplash
claw hand
elevation of arm/hand: compresses nerves more
elevation of arm: weak pulse
brachial plexus symptoms plus vasculature symptoms