06 Gluconeogenesis

• costs energy

• secrete glucose into blood

• other sources of carbon and molecules can be converted to glucose

• gluconeogenesis costs ATP

• cell only wants to go in either TCA or gluconeogenesis

• acetyl coa indicator of metabolic activity

• ATP inhibits enzymes of TCA, acetyl coa levels go up

• acetyl coa allosterically activates pyruvate carboxylase

PEPCK

• carboxylase adds COOH

• PEPCK

• 1st step occur in mito

• rest in cytosol

• any carboxylase enzyme using CO2 and ATP needs biotin

• high levels of ATP drive pyruvate into gluconeogenesis (can't) and thus into lactate

F16BP

G6Pase

• Glucose 6 phosphatse in ER

Hormonal Control

• only odd chain FA can be converted to glucose

• glycerol from triglycerides